@article{oai:tobunken.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006356,
 author = {三輪, 英夫 and Miwa, Hideo},
 issue = {321},
 journal = {美術研究, The bijutsu kenkyu : the journal of art studies},
 month = {Sep},
 note = {Shinkurō KUNISAWA (1847–77) was the first Japanese artist who studied western painting in Europe. He visited England in 1870 as a student dispatched by the Kōchi Han for the purpose of learning law but shifted to painting around 1872 and studied under John-Edgar WILLIAMS. He came back to Japan in 1874 and opened a painting school called Shōgidō in Tokyo. Ninety-one students studied there in his lifetime.
     His activity is well represented by the novel content of the instruction at the Shōgidō. All the teaching materials and reference books used there were those KUNISAWA brought back from England. And he followed the European academism in his pedagogy. In that sense, Shōgidō was the earliest art school in Japan. Thus his study in Europe is an important factor in his career, a characteristic difference from other earlier painters like Yuichi TAKAHASHI who studied the western method of painting in Japan.
     Remaining works by him are few. “Western Woman” and three other works, all executed while in Europe, are the only works known today. Two of them seem to have been painted based on photographs after the people portrayed were dead. As far as these pieces indicate, his style was of moderate realism.},
 pages = {25--32},
 title = {国沢新九郎の画歴と作品},
 year = {1982}
}